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Party leaders were able to muscle through considerable internal rifts, but the bill’s fate in the House was uncertain.
July 1, 2025Updated 3:05 p.m. ET
A divided Senate on Tuesday narrowly passed Republicans’ marquee bill to slash taxes and social safety net programs, as the G.O.P. muscled through deep internal rifts in a bid to deliver President Trump’s agenda.
The 51-to-50 vote sent the legislation to the House, where its passage was far from certain even though Mr. Trump has demanded that lawmakers send the bill to his desk for enactment by July 4. Three Republicans — Senators Susan Collins of Maine, Thom Tillis of North Carolina and Rand Paul of Kentucky — joined all Democrats in voting against it, forcing Vice President JD Vance to cast the tiebreaking vote.
It came after a brutal slog of debating, voting and negotiating that lasted more than 24 hours, as party leaders worked through Monday and into Tuesday morning huddling with Republican holdouts — particularly Senator Lisa Murkowski of Alaska.
In the end, she supported the legislation after G.O.P. leaders packed it with sweeteners for her state, including a provision aimed at insulating Alaska from some of the bill’s harshest cuts to health care and food assistance.
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