Republican Vote Against E.V. Mandate Was Also a Vote Against California

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For decades, California has been able to adopt its own emissions regulations, effectively setting the bar for carmakers nationally. And for just as long, Republicans have resented the state’s outsize influence.

Traffic is seen on a freeway in downtown Los Angeles, with skyscrapers and palm trees in the background.
Republicans in Washington delivered a sharp rebuke to California this week by blocking the state’s plan to phase out sales of new gasoline-powered vehicles.Credit...Mark Abramson for The New York Times

Soumya Karlamangla

May 26, 2025Updated 4:35 p.m. ET

There is little question that California leaders already see fossil fuels as a relic of the past.

At the Southern California headquarters of the state’s powerful clean-air regulator, the centerpiece art installation depicts in limestone a petrified gas station. Fuel nozzles lie on the ground in decay, evoking an imagined extinction of gas pumps.

For more than half a century, the federal government has allowed California to set its own stringent pollution limits, a practice that has resulted in more efficient vehicles and the nation’s most aggressive push toward electric cars. Many Democratic-led states have adopted California’s standards, prompting automakers to move their national fleets in the same direction.

With that unusual power, however, has come resentment from Republican states where the fossil fuel industry still undergirds their present and future. When Republicans in Congress last week revoked the state’s authority to set three of its mandates on electric vehicles and trucks, they saw it not just as a policy reversal but also as a statement that liberal California should be put in its place.

“We’ve created a superstate system where California has more rights than other states,” Representative Morgan Griffith, who represents rural southwestern Virginia, said in an interview. “My constituents think most folks in California are out of touch with reality. You see this stuff coming out of California and say, ‘What?’”

Federal law typically pre-empts state law under the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution. But in 1967, the federal government allowed smoggy California to receive waivers from the Environmental Protection Agency to enact its own clean-air standards that were tougher than federal limits, because the state historically had some of the most polluted air in the nation. Federal law also allows other states to adopt California’s standards as their own under certain circumstances.

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Gov. Gavin Newsom of California said last week that the state would fight in court to preserve its autonomy in setting emissions rules.Credit...Rich Pedroncelli/Associated Press

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